Architectural Terms.pdf

highest part of a gable.
Apron: raised panel below window/opening.
Arcading: series/row of arches.
Architrave: lowest part of entablature/moulded surround.
Archivolt: bands/mouldings surrounding arched opening.
Art Deco: 1920s-30s style using modern materials/geometric design.
Art Nouveau: 1895 style inspired by natural forms.
Arts and Crafts: late 19th/early 20th century style using traditional crafts/natural materials.
Ashlar: dressed stonework with squared sides/corners.
Astragal: wooden glazing bar dividing window.
Balustrade: parapet/stair rail with uprights/coping.
Bargeboards: boards concealing/protecting roof timbers.
Baroque/neo-Baroque: 17th-18th century exuberant style.
Batter: inclined surface of wall.
Battlement: parapet with upstanding pieces/indentations.
Bay Window: window projecting outside building.
Bays: number of windows in horizontal line.
Blind Opening: decorative window/arch/balustrade blocked with stone/brick.
Blocking course: plain course forming low parapet/concealing gutter.
Bow: curved wall/window.
Bracket: projection supporting structure/object.
Broached: inclined mass of masonry where octagonal spire meets square tower.
Broken Pediment: pediment with incomplete/missing base.
Buttress: mass of masonry stabilizing/thinning wall.
Campanile: free-standing bell tower.
Capital: crowning feature/head of column/pilaster.
Capping: ornate repeated pattern/carved stone.
Casement window: side-hung window opening outwards/inwards.
Chamfer: narrow face created by cutting corner at angle.
Chancel: continuation of nave to east of crossing.
Cill/Sill: horizontal feature throwing water away from building.
Cill Band: projecting horizontal band connecting cills.
Clasped Buttresses: buttresses supporting ends of walls at corner.
Classical Architecture: employment of symmetry/proportioning used in Ancient Greek/Roman architecture.
Colonette: small column-like shaft.
Column: upright vertical member clear of main body.
Composite: mixture of Ionic/Corinthian orders.
Console: ornamental scrolled bracket supporting projecting lintel.
Coping: top course of wall preventing water penetration.
Corbel: projecting block supporting parapet/sill.
Corinthian: largest of five orders of Roman Classic Architecture.
Cornice: top course of wall/architectural member.
Crenellated: see battlement.
Cresting: ornamental ridge to top of wall/roof.
Crocket: projecting knob of stylised foliage.
Dentil course: rectangular projecting blocks below cornices.
Die: block ending parapet/balustrade.
Diminishing courses: courses of slates/stone diminishing in size.
Doric: largest of three orders of Ancient Greek Classic architecture.
Dormer: window projecting from pitch of roof.
Dripmould: horizontal moulding throwing water clear of wall.