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The IB Diploma Programme is a rigorous education program for students aged 16-19, aiming to prepare them for university and life beyond. It encourages students to be knowledgeable, inquiring, caring, and compassionate, and to develop intercultural understanding and open-mindedness. The program consists of six courses from distinct groups, including language and literature, language acquisition, individuals and societies, sciences, mathematics, and the arts. Students must also complete three core elements: the extended essay, theory of knowledge, and creativity, activity, and service.

The extended essay is a compulsory, externally assessed piece of independent research, promoting high-level research and writing skills, intellectual discovery, and creativity. Students choose a topic from an approved DP subject or the world studies option and are guided by a supervisor. The essay is assessed against common criteria, including focus and method, knowledge and understanding, critical thinking, presentation, and engagement.

The assessment model evaluates students' ability to provide a logical rationale for their topic choice, review existing literature, formulate a clear research question, and generate reasoned interpretations and conclusions. The extended essay contributes to the student's overall diploma score, with a maximum of three points awarded in conjunction with theory of knowledge. Sample extended essay topics include exploring the relationship between exhaust pipe length and sound frequency, analyzing the influence of Cold War tensions on the Christian Democrat victory in the 1948 Italian elections, and evaluating Friedrich Dürrenmatt's use of color in his play Der Besuch der alten Dame.