Https://fas.org/sgp/ Crs/ Natsec/IF10946.pdf

The European Deterrence Initiative (EDI) is a Department of Defense effort to enhance US deterrence posture, increase readiness and responsiveness of US forces in Europe, and support collective defense and security of NATO allies. EDI began as the European Reassurance Initiative in 2014, primarily to reassure US allies in Europe of continued US commitment to their security after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The program's focus broadened to deterring Russian aggression, and it was renamed EDI in 2018. EDI has enabled the first increase in US military forces in Europe since the end of the Cold War, including rotational deployment of an Armored Brigade Combat Team and permanent stationing of two Brigade Combat Teams in Germany and Italy. Congress has supported EDI since its inception, with funding peaking at $6.5 billion in FY2019 and requested at $3.7 billion for FY2022. EDI funding is divided into five categories: Increased Presence, Enhanced Prepositioning, Improved Infrastructure, Building Partnership Capacity, and Exercises and Training. The initiative has raised concerns among some Members of Congress, including reduced funding levels and the deferral of EDI projects to fund the US-Mexico border wall.