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Preview of **Beta Decays in Investigations and Searches for Rare Effects**
🔗 Source: dama.web.roma2.infn.it
📊 Size: 1.91 MB
👤 Author: VIT
⬇️ Downloads: 26

Summary

key aspects of beta radiation studies, focusing on its diverse applications and challenges. Key points include:

- Historical Context: Beta radiation was first observed by Rutherford in 1899, yet further investigation is warranted.

- Rare Beta Decays: Certain rare beta decays with half-lives exceeding $10^{10}$ years are inadequately studied, with spectrum shapes unmeasured or unknown (e.g., $50V$, $123Te$, $180mTa$).

- Background Considerations: Beta emitters like $40K$, $90Sr/90Y$, $137Cs$, and particularly $214Bi$ are common backgrounds in experiments searching for rare effects, such as solar neutrinos, double beta decay, and dark matter interactions.

- Classification: Beta decays are classified based on changes in spin and parity between parent and daughter nuclei:
- Allowed Decays: $\Delta J\Delta \rho = 0^+$, $1^+$.
- Forbidden Non-Unique (FNU) Decays: $\Delta J\Delta \rho = 0^-$, $-1^-$, with increasing forbidenness leading to exponentially decreasing half-lives.
- Forbidden Unique (FU) Decays: $\Delta J\Delta \rho = -1^+$, with simpler theoretical descriptions due to a single nuclear matrix element.

- Half-Life Trends: Each degree of forbidenness in FNU or FU transitions results in approximately 5-6 orders of magnitude difference in half-life, significantly impacting experimental considerations.

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Description

Beta decay investigations and searches for rare effects, focusing on diverse isotopes from hydrogen to superheavy elements, were discussed at MEDEX‘17 in Prague, highlighting the ongoing need to improve understanding of these fundamental nuclear processes.

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  • File Format: PDF
  • File Size: 1.91 MB
  • Pages: 35
  • Language: EN
  • Author: VIT
  • Total Downloads: 26
  • Last Updated: 1 week ago

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