Electric Field And Dipole Moment.pdf

The total electric flux linked with a closed surface is equal to 0 times the total charge enclosed by the surface.
For a thin infinite plane sheet of charge with surface charge density σ, the electric field at a point near the sheet is E = σ / 2ε₀, independent of distance from the sheet.
Electric dipole moment is defined as the product of magnitude of either charge and the separation distance between them, P = q × 2a.
The torque experienced by an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is τ = P × E = q × 2a × E × sinθ.
Electric potential at a point in an electric field is defined as the amount of work done to bring a test charge from infinity to the given point against electrostatic force, V = k × q / r.
The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric is C = ε₀ × A / d and C = K × ε₀ × A / d, respectively.
The capacitance of capacitors in series is 1/C = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + 1/C₃, and in parallel is C = C₁ + C₂ + C₃.
Drift velocity is the average velocity of free electrons moving from lower potential to higher potential under an external electric field, vₚ = -e × E × τ / m.
Current in terms of drift velocity is I = n × e × A × vₚ, where n is the number of electrons, e is the charge, A is the cross-sectional area, and vₚ is the drift velocity.