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A comparative experimental study was conducted on the dynamic compressive strength of mortar with glass and basalt fibers. The specimens were prepared using Standard Portland cement and standard sand, with fiber contents of 3% and 5% by weight. The results showed that the content of glass fibers did not significantly influence the fracture stress under static loading conditions, but a 5% content of glass fibers resulted in a significant drop in fracture stress under dynamic loading conditions. In contrast, the optimal content of basalt fibers was found to be 3% for both static and dynamic loading conditions, with further increases of fiber content resulting in a decrease in fracture stress. The study used a split Hopkinson pressure bar to determine the dynamic properties of the fiber-reinforced mortars, and the results highlighted the importance of considering the dynamic behavior of these materials in various engineering applications.