PIIS0960982213001863.pdf

Reptile conservation faces challenges due to low public sympathy and vast numbers of genetically distinct populations, with threats including habitat degradation, new predators, and overexploitation, particularly for turtles and crocodilians. Climate change will have significant impacts on reptiles, with cold-climate species potentially benefiting from warmer temperatures, but tropical species facing severe thermal challenges. Reptiles have evolved intricate adaptations to a low-energy lifestyle, resulting in a diverse range of species, and conservation solutions are needed to protect these creatures.

Rooster crowing is controlled by a circadian clock, with predawn crowing occurring under the control of this internal biological clock, although external stimuli such as light and other roosters' crowing can also induce crowing, with the magnitude of this induction regulated by the circadian clock. Experiments showed that crowing occurs approximately 2 hours before the onset of light, and a free-running rhythm of crowing was observed under constant dim light conditions, with a period of 23.7 hours. Testosterone administration enhanced crowing behavior and affected the period of free-running rhythmicity.